Mechanism for relieving the teeth of cutters.



APPLICATION FILED JUNE 26, 1911..

Patented Mar. 23, 1915.

4 SHEETSSHE ET l.

' G. BOUILLON MECHANISM FOR RELIEVING THE TEETH OF CUTTEES.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 26, 1911 Patented Ma1123, 1915.

4: SHEETS $HEET 2.

0. BOUILLON. ECHANISM FOR RELIEVING THE TEETH 0F OUTTBRS.

Patented Mar.23,1915.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 26,1311.

O. BOUILLON. MEGHANISM FOR RBLIEVING THE TEETH 0F GUTTBES.

APPLICATION FILEDJUNE 26, 1911. I 1,11. 32,51 Y Patented M1123, 1915.

.4 SHEET$SHEET 4.

WED STATES ra'ranr caro coivs'rnnr fBOUILLON, or TORiRINGTON,CONI\TECTICUT, Assrenon- TO THE HENDEY MACHINE COMPANY, A CORPORATIONDIP-CONNECTICUT.

MECHANISM FOR RELIEVING THE TEETH OF CUTTERS.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, CONSTANT Torrington, inthe county'of Litchfield and State of Connecticut, have invented anewand useful Mechanism for Relieving the Teeth of Cutters, ofnvhich thefollowing is a specification.

The object of this invention is to provide a new and improved mechanismfor 'relieving or backing off the teeth of taps, dies, hobs, reamers,milling cutters, etc. Cutters of this character require that the teethshall be backed off behind their cutting edges to relieve the same fromcontact with the material upon which said cutters are designed to work.These cutters are generally turned in a lathe and it has been'heretoforeproposed to provide the lathe with an attachment so'that this backingoff operation can .be performed.

-;; My invention, while applicable to any mechanism that may be employedto back ofi' the teeth of cutters of the character described, has beenspecifically designed as an improvement in the said attachment forlathes. v V The particular objects of the invention are topr vide animproved mechanismv of this character which will be efficient inoperation which will allow the lathe to be run in a reverse directioneasily and without noise or jar; and to provide a mechanism by which thebacking oii action of the tool can be adjusted .very finely.

vention areillustrated in the accompanying foursheets of drawings,referring to which, I

Figure 1 .is a front elevation of an engine lathe .with my attachmentapplied thereto.

'1 Fig. 2 is a plan of the attachment on enating crank-pin. Figs-5 and 5are diagrams illustrating difierent adjustments of the .crankpin. Fig. 6is a detail View of the operating cam-and connections. 7 is a sideelevation of the mechanism for adjustmg the relative position of thecrank pin.

Fig. 8 is an elevation of the operating shaft and parts carried thereby.Fig. 9 is an end view of the pawl and ratchet'mechanism.

10 a plan View of thesam e. Fig. 11

Several specific embodiments. of the in;

Specification of Letters Patent. Pat nt d 23,1915, Application filedJune 26, 1911. Serial No. 635,248.

is a view similar to Fig. 9 illustrating the parts in a dlflerentposition. Fig. 13 is an teeth are backed ofi". Fig. l t is a side eleva:tion of a modified form of adjusting mechanism. Fig.' 15 is a sideelevation of the parts shown in Fig. 14. Fig. 16. isa' detail of themechanism shown'in F igsl 14 and 15. Fig. 17 is a side" elevation of amodified cam connection, and Fig. 18. is a side elevation 'of themechanism illustrated in Fig. 17.

; Referring'first-to the preferred form of mechanism which is shown inthe first three sheets ofthe drawings, Adesignates an engine lathe ofanyordina'ry or approved con- .structionwhich has the usual headstock,tool is a side elevation of the ratchet. Fig. 12 BoinLLoN,

a citizen of the United States, residing at end elevation of acutterjndicating 'how'the the tool can be adjusted relatively to the Iwork and the tool carrier C can slide on the tool block B for thepurpose of backing ofl", as hereinafter described.

Secured on the lathe bed in suitablerelar tion to the head-stock is'abracket 10 (Fig; 2) in which is'journ'aled a sleeve 11, which sleeve isheld in place by a nut 12; On the projecting end ofthe sleeve is hung asweep arm 13 which carries two intermediate gears 14 and 15 which aremounted on studs which can be adjusted in slots cut in the sweep arm 13.These parts are positioned so, that the intermediate gear 15-can. beengaged with a pinion 160 which is detachably se mixed on. theprojecting end of the feed or gear shaft in the head-stock. The sweep 13is provided with an'extension 16 which bears against the extension 17 ofthelbracket 10, and a stud 18 having a nut 180 is arranged between theseextensionsso that the sweep can belocked in adjusted position. Y

A shaft 19, which I will term the operating shaft, is ournaled in thesleeve 11 and a gear or pinion 20 is detachably secured on the end ofthe operating shaft 19. The gearing thus far described constitutes achange gearing by which the operating shaft can be rotated by power fromthe head-stock at different Speeds, depending-on the size andadjustments of the change gearmg.

A casing 21 is formed on the endof the sleeve 11 and a plate 22 issecured to the face thereof. Pins 2323 (Figs. 9; and 12) project fromthe inside of the casing and pivotally mounted on the same are pawls.24-24, which are normally pressed inward by neans of springs 2525secured on'the -onts'ide. of the casing and extending in through slotscut therein. A ratchet wheel. 26 igjkeyed on the. end of the operatingshaft 19,;and' held in place thereon by a 'nut'27 whichiis threaded onthe shaft 19 and which keptin' adjusted position by a'scre w 28,;,'Theiratchet wheel 26 has a collar or hub 29 (Fig. 11) on one sidewhich fits insideof the plate 22- and a collar or hub 30 omits. otherside which is employed for the purpose hereinafter specified.-- Thepawls '24-' '24;are provided with pins 31-31, on which are hung shoes orstruts 32-332 which have their inner ends shaped, as shownhto'engage thesmooth collar or' hub 30 onthe ratchet wheel 26. The operation ofthispawland ratchet mechanism is as follows When the ratchet wheel isturned in the direction to engage the pawls, the shoesor struts 3232swing out idly, .as shown in Fig. 9; but when the ratchet wheel isturned in the other. direction, so as not todrive the pawls 2424, theends of the struts will engage the smooth collar 30 and will lift thepawls so that they will not be engaged by the teeth of the ratchet wheel26, as illus-' trated in Fig. 12. The bearing of the ends of the strutson the hub or collar 30 is nearly all on one side of the line ofpressure, and so long as the ratchetwheel is run backward, as shown inFig. 12,-the struts will remain in place and hold the paw-ls 2424 awayfrom the ratchet wheel 26. But when the motionis reversed, the strutswill fall and the pawls will againengage the ratchet.

The casing 2l'is provided with pins 33-33 to control 'themotion of thestruts and guide them'tothe position shown in Fig. 12.1 By thisarrangement, the objectionable click and noise when the ratchet wheel isrunning backward is avoided. The gearing is so arranged that the ratchetwheel turns in the direction indicated in Fig. 9 when the work is beingturned in the proper direction for thelbacking off action or engagementof the too Y i Acam 35 is keyed on the end of the sleeve 11 andtherefore the sleeve and cam, turn when the ratchet wheel turns in thedirection shown in Fig. 9- and engages the p'awls. Preferably theratchet wheel 26. and the cam 35 are given the same number ofprojections. The bracket 10 is provided with a bearing 36 (Figs. 2, 6and 7) and journaled in the same is a shaft 37 secured on which, at oneclutch or toothed ring 38. By this arrangement, by loosening the nut andwasher 40, the angular position of the shaft '37 relatively to the camlever39 can be adjusted very minutely; and if desired, the clutch ringsmay be provided with indicating marksfor determining the degree ofadjustment. The cam lever 39'is provided at its lower end with a camshoe 42 which engages the cam 35. This cam shoe may have a stud 43 whichextends through the cam lever 39 and i's held in position therein by anut. 44. The upper end ofthe cam lever 39 is forked as at 45 and theseforks engage a plunger 46 between a collar 47 formed on a bushing 48loosely fitted thereon and nuts and washers '49 adjustably secured onthe end of the plun ger. The plunger works in a bearing 50 formed in thebracket 10, and a spring 51 is housed in said bearing and engages theend of the bushing 48 normally to force the upper end'of the cam leverto the right, as shown in Fig. 6. A nut 52 is threaded on the end of theplunger 46 to limit the outward movement of the plunger. By thisarrangement, an oscillating movement will be imparted to the shaft 37 bythe cam 35.

The outer end of the shaft 37 carries one member 53 (Fig-2) of auniveral joint, pivoted to the block of which is the other member 54which carries a tube 55 which has a square opening therein. Telescopingin said tube is a square shaft 56 which carries one member 57 of anotheruniversal joint, the other member 58 of whichi pivoted to the blockthereof and .is secured on the end of a shaft 59 journaled in bearings I6060 formed on the tool block B. The tool carrier C has a shield'osecured thereto which covers said bearings and contiguous parts.

The shaft 59 is cut away as at 61, as illuscam 35 will be utilized tomove the tool car rier and thus the tool inwardly and-out wardlyrelatively to the work or cutter operated upon. This. willprovid'e forthe essary backing ofl of the teeth.

In Fig, 1 of the drawings a tap is shown iao Iiecas being backed off andin F ig'13 the end of this tap isshown and the necessary backing off ofthe teeth is indicated by the refi ence letter F- The operation is asfollows -The cutter, which it is'desired to back off, is first turned toshape, threaded if it is to form a tap, and then'is'flutedor grooved.The cutter is then placed betweenthe centers of the latheandzconnectedby any of. the ordinary dogs to turn with the live spindle of theheadvstocka Thechange gearing: by which theattachmentlis driven isadjusted and set sothat the tool will begiven the necessary number ofmovementsv to correspond with the/flutin'g of: the-cutter; If .thecutter has straight flutestthereon' this number of movementszperrevolution willconespond to the number of grooves, but if the flutes arecut spirally, the proper'lead will be obtained by a properadjustment ofthe gearing. The feed orslead screw f the lathe is then caused to movethe carriage toward the head-stock as the work: isrotated. As the toolengages the cutter it will move inwardly and out-' wardly in proper timerelation therewith to backoff. the teeth properly. On the returnmovement of. the=carriage, if it is necessary to runthe lathebackwardfor this purpose, the ratchet wheel will. not engage the pawls and theop'eratingcam will. remain outof operation so that the in-and-outmovement of thetool will not take place during the return oh thecarriage. This return. will biz-accomplished.noiselessly, by reason ofthe automatic disengagement of the pawlsfrom the ratchet wheelpreviously described.

The amount" and-direction. of. the inward travel of'the tool canbedecided by adjusting'the clutch rings, as previouslydescribed, to varythe position Ofi the shaft 37. relativelyto:the cam 'lever so that. the.oscillation of the-crank-pin- 62 takesplace at different angles. Forillustration, in F ig.- 5 the-position of tlie camlevel is adjustedzsoas to get a small backingoff: movement. of the tool, while in Fig. 5" adifferent adjustment is arrangedW-hichwill provide for a largerin-and-out movement of the tool.

In Figs. 14, 15 and-16 a modifiedmechanism for adjusting the movement ofthe tool In this arrangement, the cam is shown. lever 39 is secured onan independent shaft 65 journaled inabearing 66-formedi-on the bracket10. On the end of this independent shaft is secured a forked lever .67.A slotted lever 660 is secured on the endof the shaft 37 and adjustablysecured in said lever is a stud 670 which can be held in position by a Inut 68. The stud 660 carries a roll 69 which engagesthe forked lever 67.By adjusting the position of the stud 670 in the slotted lever 660, theamount of oscillation imparted to the shaft .37 can be varied and hencethe backing off movement of the tool can be adjusted.

In Figs. 17 and 18 a modified arrangement is shown for allowing the camto turn backwardly without operating the cam lever. In thismodification, the cam lever is forked at its lower end and a cam shoe70- is" hinged thereto by means of. a. pin. 71. The cam shoe; is held.in position, shown! in fulhlines :in Fig. 17, by a spring 72iengaging apin 73 projecting from the-camshoathe othen endof. which springissecured to the hub of the cam lever. By this arrangement, when the cam-turns in a direction indicated by the arrow, the cam lever-will beoscillated, but when the motion is reversed, the hinged cam-shoe willfold upwardlyand will allow the steep portions of'the cam to pass thesame without osoillatingthe cam lever. In this modification the ratchetwheel and pawls are'not employed.

Many other modified mechanisms may be devised for practising myinvention without departingfrom the scope thereof as expressed in theclaims.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim and desire tosecure by Letters-Patent is:

1. In a mechanism for relieving or back-v ing off the teeth of cutters,the combination of a tool carrier, means-for moving thesame forward andbackward, mechanism for reciprocating the tool carrier during itscutting movement, and. connections in said mechanism arranged so thatthe same will be inoperative to reciprocate the tool carrier'when saidmechanism is-run'ina reverse direction.

2. In a device of the class described, the combination of asliding toolcarrier, mechanism for reciprocating the tool carrier duringits cuttingmovement, including a pawl and ratchet, and means arranged to throw.thepawl out of operation automatically-when the m'echanismis run in areverse direction, therebypreventing reciprocation of saidtool carrier"3. In a device of the class described, the combination of a slidingtoolcarrier, mechanism for reciprocating the tool carrier during'itscuttingmovement, and means for antomatically rendering said mechanism attimes inoperative, said means including a ratchet wheel and a pawl, ahub on the ratchet-wheel, and a strut pivoted to the pawl and mounted tothrow the pawl out of operation automatically when the mecha- .nism isrun in a reverse direction.

mitting device which is continuously roi inatieally when the drivingmeans is run in.

. ting tatedgin locked engagement duringthe cutmovement, and meansarranged w to a th'row the device out of operatiorrauto cthecreversedirection for the return of the e-toolqcarrierr i f 6:111 a mechanism ofthe class described, the combination of a sliding ,tool carrier,

[means for reciprocating the same during its cutting movement, amechanism for operat ,ingsa-id means, and means for automaticallyrendering said mechanism at times inoperative', said means including adriven ratchet sliding tool carrier.

' the combination of a sliding tool carrier,

a shaft connected to reciprocate the tool carrier,an operating cam, anda cam lever adjustably mountedronsaid shaft, relative adjustmentof saidlever and shaft being f-Q nected by a link to the tool carrier;

12, 31.11 a mechanism of the class described, the-combination of asliding tool carrier, a

fective to substantially vary the extent-of the r eciprocatory movementof thesliding tool-'carrierJ f 8'. In a mechanism of-the'class-described,

the combination of asliding toolicarrier, a shaft connected to'reciprocate the same, a

clutch ring 011 1116 shaft, a cam lever mounted on the. shaft and havinga clutch ring'for engaging" the clutch ring fast on the 'shaft, meansfor adjustably securing said clutch rings together whereby the shaft andcam lever may be secured together in different adjusted positions, andan operating cam.

.9. In a mechanism ofthe class described,

the,combination of a tool block, a tool carrier fittedto slide "thereon,a crank-pin connected -bvya linktdthe tool carrier, saidcrank-pin-beingmounted on a shaft journaled in bearings; carried by thetool block,

means for oscillating-saidshaft,and means direction for the returnmovement of the 7. In a mechanism of the class described,"

fpradjusting'the angular position of said oscillation, whereby themovement of the tool carrier can bevaried.

-10; lln amechanism of the class described,-

thecombination of a tool block, a tool carrier fitted to slide thereon,ashaft mounted inbearings on the tool block and carrying a crank-pinconnected by a linkto the tool carrier, a telescoping connection. tosaid shaft including universal oints, an operatjrier 'sliding thereon,an operating shaft, i-change gearing for driving the same, a

ratchet'carriedby said shaft, a sleeve surrounding sai'd shaft andcarrying pawls,en-

sleeveya pivoted cam lever engaging said cam, a shaft to which said camlever is adjustably'connected, a shaft mounted in the stools-block,telescoping and universal conshaft-Yconneoted to -reciprocate the same,a slottedlever on the shaft, a cam lever mounted-ta swing on an axis atone side of the shaft a' forked lever fixed with respect to the'canflever and crossing said slotted lever,

meansi for securing the forked and slotted levers together in difl'erentadjusted posi tions, and 'anoperatingvcam for the cam-- leveri Intestimony whereof ll have hereunto set my hand, in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

a CONSTANT ouirmon. Ylitnesses': I

F, Munssnmcn, JOHN JACK.P

gaging said ratchet, a cam mounted on said

